In 1847 a group of Dutch immigrants who had separated from the national Ref church in The Netherlands settled in Michigan and Iowa. In 1857 they founded the Christian Reformed Church, after delegates returned disappointed from a synod of the Reformed Church in America on the east coast. The church grew with several other waves of immigrants, but it was slow to become americanized. Only after World War I did English become commonly spoken in the churches. After World War I the church began to expand its views. Foreign missions were started, and a widespread system of Christian day schools were begun, orga-nized by the church community but under parental control. These extended to the tertiary level, with Calvin College being the liberal arts college of the church. In the latter half of this century, four other colleges and one graduate school loosely affiliated with the church’s members were set up, three of them in Canada. Since the 1960s the church has gradually changed its Dutch ethnic character. There are now services in up to 14 languages in congregations across the country. About 7% of the members belong to an ethnic and cultural minority. The church is organized in 47 classes, or regional bodies, although the congregations are more numerous in Michigan, Illinois, and Iowa. In recent years, there have been challenges to its unity, especially over a 20-year debate on the ordination of women. After several approvals and reversals of women’s ordination, a local option was accepted in 1995. The church has an active home mission program, a foreign mission program, an international broadcast ministry, “The Back to God Hour,” a relief and development agency, and a publications wing that gives it a strong presence on the North American church scene. Approximately 30% of the membership resides in Canada and 70% in the United States.
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